Leptin, a neuroendocrine mediator of immune responses, inflammation, and sickness behaviors

Hormones and Behavior
Elizabeth D CarltonSusannah S French

Abstract

Effective immune responses are coordinated by interactions among the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems. Mounting immune, inflammatory, and sickness responses requires substantial energetic investments, and as such, an organism may need to balance energy allocation to these processes with the energetic demands of other competing physiological systems. The metabolic hormone leptin appears to be mediating trade-offs between the immune system and other physiological systems through its actions on immune cells and the brain. Here we review the evidence in both mammalian and non-mammalian vertebrates that suggests leptin is involved in regulating immune responses, inflammation, and sickness behaviors. Leptin has also been implicated in the regulation of seasonal immune responses, including sickness; however, the precise physiological mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, we discuss recent data in support of leptin as a mediator of seasonal sickness responses and provide a theoretical model that outlines how seasonal cues, leptin, and proinflammatory cytokines may interact to coordinate seasonal immune and sickness responses.

References

May 5, 1977·Nature·J B Covert, W W Reynolds
Apr 17, 1992·Cell·J M Friedman, R L Leibel
Jan 1, 1988·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·B L Hart
Jul 28, 1995·Science·M A PelleymounterF Collins
May 1, 1996·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·C GrunfeldK R Feingold
Jul 18, 1996·Nature·R S AhimaJ S Flier
Mar 1, 1996·The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·C M Pond
Jan 6, 1997·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·P SarrafH R Alexander
Jun 24, 1997·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·H FeiJ M Friedman
Aug 5, 1997·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J L HalaasJ M Friedman
Nov 5, 1997·International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·N G Norgan
Apr 3, 1998·Gene·M TaouisJ Simon
Aug 26, 1998·Poultry Science·K C Klasing
Jun 9, 1999·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·G N LuheshiN J Rothwell
Aug 28, 1999·Molecular Biotechnology·T Gainsford, W S Alexander
Sep 24, 1999·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·A H Swiergiel, A J Dunn
Oct 19, 1999·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·J K HowardS R Bloom
Feb 17, 2000·Cellular Immunology·C Martín-RomeroV Sánchez-Margalet
May 8, 2000·The Journal of Experimental Zoology·R M JohnsonR L Londraville
May 23, 2000·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·P IlmonenD Hasselquist
Jun 28, 2000·Physiology & Behavior·D M DenbowC Ashwell
Aug 18, 2000·The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·D Kelly, A G Coutts
Feb 13, 2001·Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism : TEM·M CaprioA Fabbri
May 1, 2001·Journal of Molecular Medicine : Official Organ of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher Und Ärzte·D V Rayner, P Trayhurn
Aug 10, 2001·Physiology & Behavior·T A LennieR J Seeley
Dec 1, 2001·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·R FaggioniC Grunfeld
Dec 18, 2001·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Andrei I Ivanov, Andrej A Romanovsky
Mar 12, 2002·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Staci D BilboRandy J Nelson
Oct 31, 2002·Nutrition Reviews·Gema Frühbeck
Nov 20, 2002·International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·S MargeticR A Hill
Jan 1, 2003·Journal of Neuroimmunology·Sammy BedouiStephan von Hörsten
Mar 7, 2003·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Mare LõhmusBengt Silverin
Mar 18, 2003·Endocrinology·Daniel L MarksRoger D Cone
Apr 22, 2003·The American Naturalist·Camille BonneaudGabriele Sorci
May 17, 2003·Neuroscience Letters·Nicole R BasaYvette Taché
Jun 14, 2003·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Gregory E DemasRandy J Nelson
Jul 10, 2003·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Thomas A LugerMarkus Böhm

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Apr 18, 2014·The Journal of Endocrinology·Lauren E MacDonaldNicholas J Bernier
Nov 18, 2014·Mediators of Inflammation·Rosário MonteiroConceição Calhau
Aug 16, 2014·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Elizabeth D CarltonGregory E Demas
Dec 3, 2014·Hormones and Behavior·Elizabeth D Carlton, Gregory E Demas
Jul 21, 2012·Current Diabetes Reports·Subhadra C Gunawardana
May 28, 2013·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Dawn M O'Neal
Jul 14, 2012·Hormones and Behavior·Staci D Bilbo, Sabra L Klein
Oct 4, 2015·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Nadine HavensteinJoanna Fietz
Aug 6, 2013·American Journal of Human Biology : the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council·Jonathan C K Wells, Mario Cortina-Borja
Jan 22, 2013·Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society·Zheng LiJiaming Liu
Feb 15, 2014·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Richard L LondravilleErica J Crespi
Feb 3, 2015·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Eric C Shattuck, Michael P Muehlenbein
Aug 12, 2015·Psychiatry Research·Bettina StemerEberhard A Deisenhammer
May 21, 2013·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Ruth B S Harris
Feb 24, 2015·Immunology Letters·Gustav van Niekerk, Anna-Mart Engelbrecht
Sep 15, 2014·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Gregory E Demas, Elizabeth D Carlton
Nov 13, 2013·The American Journal of Pathology·Cristiana PerrottaDavide Cervia
Jul 23, 2016·Mediators of Inflammation·Gustav van NiekerkAnna-Mart Engelbrecht
Aug 31, 2016·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·H C BallR J Duff
Jan 6, 2017·Nature Reviews. Rheumatology·Vanessa AbellaOreste Gualillo
May 14, 2016·Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science·Taryn G AubrechtRandy J Nelson
Feb 14, 2014·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·James W Maniscalco, Linda Rinaman
Apr 23, 2015·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Subhadra C Gunawardana, David W Piston
Jun 30, 2019·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Malgorzata Krzystek-KorpackaAndrzej Gamian
Jan 6, 2018·Rheumatology International·Mary A MahieuRosalind Ramsey-Goldman
Feb 19, 2016·Physiology·Christoph RummelLois M Harden
Dec 8, 2016·Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry·Teresa GrzelakMarta Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor
Jun 19, 2018·Frontiers in Physiology·Vera FranciscoOreste Gualillo
Nov 23, 2018·Scientific Reports·Stefanny Christie Monteiro TitonFernando Ribeiro Gomes
Jan 23, 2019·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Andrew Z WangMatthew Lovern
Aug 26, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Noelia Martínez-Sánchez
Oct 4, 2016·Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research·Chun-Yan WangYi-Feng Wang
Apr 9, 2015·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Elizabeth D Carlton, Gregory E Demas
May 14, 2021·International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology·Liberato GiardulloFrancesco Paolo Cantatore

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric condition characterized by severe weight loss and secondary problems associated with malnutrition. Here is the latest research on AN.

Cancer Biology: Molecular Imaging

Molecular imaging enables noninvasive imaging of key molecules that are crucial to tumor biology. Discover the latest research in molecular imaging in cancer biology in this feed.

Anti-inflammatory Treatments

A drug or substance that reduces inflammation (redness, swelling, and pain) in the body. Anti-inflammatory agents block certain substances in the body that cause inflammation and swelling. Discover the latest research on anti-inflammatory treatments here