Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in a patient with metastatic prostate cancer: case report and literature review

Surgical Neurology
Lawrence A ConeLela M Jennings

Abstract

Leptomeningeal metastasis is discovered at autopsy in approximately 5% of patients with systemic cancer. Until recently with the introduction of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), premorbid diagnosis was extremely difficult. In particular, initial spinal fluid cytology is diagnostic in less than 50% of autopsy-verified patients, although repeated spinal fluid examinations may increase the yield significantly. Leptomeningeal metastasis in metastatic prostate cancer has been reported in only 14 patients previously. We recently studied such a patient and were able to establish a correct diagnosis based solely on the MRI and the presence of an elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Only 3 previous patients with leptomeningeal prostate metastasis have undergone CSF PSA evaluations. We believe that, in such patients, the combination of MRI and CSF studies can overcome the lack of sensitivity of CSF cytology.

References

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Citations

May 18, 2010·Acta neurochirurgica·Marie-Noëlle Hébert-BlouinRobert J Spinner
Nov 12, 2009·Clinical & Experimental Metastasis·George Orphanos, Alexandros Ardavanis
Jul 14, 2010·European Journal of Radiology·Bruno de Vasconcelos Sobreira GuedesCarlos Jorge da Silva
Jul 25, 2007·Clinical Genitourinary Cancer·Vikas ShrivastavaMatthew M Poggi
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Mar 5, 2015·Surgical Neurology International·Alexandros BoukasNicholas Ross
Apr 11, 2017·The Keio Journal of Medicine·Keitaro WatanabeMototsugu Oya
Oct 3, 2008·Medical Oncology·George OrphanosGeorge Kitrou
Jun 6, 2021·Cancer Reports·Mansoureh DehghaniSeyed Alireza Javadinia
May 28, 2019·Case Reports in Oncology·Ryan David CarrollToni Pacioles

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