Let Me Go: The Influences of Crawling Experience and Temperament on the Development of Anger Expression

Infancy : the Official Journal of the International Society on Infant Studies
Caroline K Pemberton RobenLaureen O Teti

Abstract

Infants' emerging ability to move independently by crawling is associated with changes in multiple domains, including an increase in expressions of anger in situations that block infants' goals, but it is unknown whether increased anger is specifically because of experience with being able to move autonomously or simply related to age. To examine the influence of locomotion on developmental change in anger, infants' (N = 20) anger expressions during an arm restraint procedure were observed longitudinally at a precrawling baseline assessment and 2 and 6 weeks after the onset of crawling. Infant age at each crawling stage was unrelated to the frequency of anger expressed in response to arm restraint. At 6 weeks postcrawling onset, infants whose mothers rated them as temperamentally higher in distress to limitations, compared with those rated lower, showed a greater increase in the frequency of anger expressed during the arm restraint relative to earlier assessments and took longer to reduce the frequency of anger expressed when no longer restrained. Findings suggest that experience with autonomous crawling has an effect on anger expression, independent of age, and that a temperamental tendency to become distressed by limitations ...Continue Reading

References

Jul 16, 2003·Developmental Psychology·Margaret W Sullivan, Michael Lewis
Aug 1, 2006·Infancy : the Official Journal of the International Society on Infant Studies·David S BennettMichael Lewis
Dec 2, 2006·Infant Behavior & Development·Ughetta Moscardino, Giovanna Axia
Jun 18, 2008·Perceptual and Motor Skills·Zeynep BiringenArk Appelbaum
May 19, 2010·Infant Behavior & Development·Melissa W Clearfield
Jun 7, 2011·Infant Behavior & Development·Pamela G Whitney, James A Green
Apr 1, 2000·Infancy : the Official Journal of the International Society on Infant Studies·Joseph J CamposDavid Witherington
Apr 1, 2002·Infancy : the Official Journal of the International Society on Infant Studies·Susan D CalkinsLaura M Johnson
Apr 1, 2002·Infancy : the Official Journal of the International Society on Infant Studies·Cynthia A Stifter, Tracy L Spinrad

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Citations

Feb 26, 2014·Cognition & Emotion·Jun MoriyaRudi De Raedt
Sep 27, 2018·Annual Review of Psychology·Karen E Adolph, Justine E Hoch
Mar 26, 2021·International Journal of Behavioral Development·K Ashana RamsookPamela M Cole

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