Lethal factor antibodies contribute to lethal toxin neutralization in recipients of anthrax vaccine precipitated

Vaccine
Eric K DumasA Darise Farris

Abstract

A major difference between two currently licensed anthrax vaccines is presence (United Kingdom Anthrax Vaccine Precipitated, AVP) or absence (United States Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed, AVA) of quantifiable amounts of the Lethal Toxin (LT) component Lethal Factor (LF). The primary immunogen in both vaccine formulations is Protective Antigen (PA), and LT-neutralizing antibodies directed to PA are an accepted correlate of vaccine efficacy; however, vaccination studies in animal models have demonstrated that LF antibodies can be protective. In this report we compared humoral immune responses in cohorts of AVP (n=39) and AVA recipients (n=78) matched 1:2 for number of vaccinations and time post-vaccination, and evaluated whether the LF response contributes to LT neutralization in human recipients of AVP. PA response rates (≥95%) and PA IgG concentrations were similar in both groups; however, AVP recipients exhibited higher LT neutralization ED50 values (AVP: 1464.0±214.7, AVA: 544.9±83.2, p<0.0001) and had higher rates of LF IgG positivity (95%) compared to matched AVA vaccinees (1%). Multiple regression analysis revealed that LF IgG makes an independent and additive contribution to the LT neutralization response in the AVP group. Affi...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 8, 2017·Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI·Eric K DumasA Darise Farris
Jul 13, 2019·Expert Review of Vaccines·Olga A KondakovaOlga V Karpova
May 6, 2020·Microorganisms·Adam Clark, Daniel N Wolfe
Sep 9, 2020·Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics·Tapasvi ModiAdrian Shepherd
May 22, 2019·Microbiology Spectrum·Monika Ehling-SchulzTheresa M Koehler

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