Levels and potential health risk of heavy metals in marketed vegetables in Zhejiang, China

Scientific Reports
Xiao-Dong PanXian-Gen Jiang

Abstract

The present study analyzed 5785 vegetables for concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni and Hg, and estimated the health risk to local consumers by deterministic (point estimates) approaches. Levels of elements varied in different vegetables. Average levels of As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Hg and Pb were 0.013, 0.017, 0.057, 0.002, 0.094 and 0.034 mg/kg (fresh weight), respectively. The samples with 0.25% for Cd and 1.56% for Pb were exceeding the maximum allowable concentrations (MACs) set by the Chinese Health Ministry. No obvious regular geographical distribution for these metals in vegetables was found in areas of Zhejiang, China. The mean and 97.5 percentile levels of heavy metal and metalloid were used to present the mean and high exposure assessment. The health indices (HIs) were less than the threshold of 1 both in mean and high exposure assessment. It indicates that for the general people there is very low health risk to As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni and Hg by vegetable intake.

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Citations

Jan 28, 2017·Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology·Jiali ChengQifei Huang
Jan 26, 2018·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Ziwei DingHaojie Zhang
Oct 11, 2017·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·Ting WangWenchao Ma
Jun 24, 2020·Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology·Beniah Obinna Isiuku, Christian Ebere Enyoh
Feb 15, 2017·Environmental Geochemistry and Health·Taiyang ZhongXiuying Zhang
Dec 10, 2017·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Javed NawabAsad Khan
Nov 25, 2018·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Fernando ReboredoFernando Lidon
Feb 14, 2021·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·Tong ZhouLonghua Wu
Jan 21, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Yuxuan GuJoel Gittelsohn
Mar 20, 2021·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Jianhua MeiYue Huang

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
atomic absorption spectrometry

Software Mentioned

MapGIS

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