Levels of second hand smoke in pubs and bars by deprivation and food-serving status: a cross-sectional study from North West England

BMC Public Health
R E EdwardsA F R Watson

Abstract

The UK government proposed introducing partial smokefree legislation for England with exemptions for pubs and bars that do not prepare and serve food. We set out to test the hypothesis that pubs from more deprived areas and non food-serving pubs have higher levels of particulate air pollution. We conducted a cross sectional study in four mainly urban areas of the North West of England. We recruited a stratified random sample of 64 pubs divided into four groups based on whether their local population was affluent or deprived (using a UK area based deprivation measure), and whether or not they served food. The timing of air quality monitoring stratified to ensure similar distribution of monitoring by day of the week and time of evening between groups. We used a portable air quality monitor to collect fine particle (PM2.5) levels over a minimum of 30 minutes in areas where smoking was allowed,, and calculated mean time-time weighted average PM2.5 levels. Mean PM2.5 was 285.5 microg/m3 (95% CI 212.7 to 358.3). Mean levels in the four groups were: affluent food-serving pubs (n = 16) 188.1 microg/m3 (95%CI 128.1 to 248.1); affluent non food-serving (n = 16) 186.8 microg/m3 (95%CI 118.9 to 254.3); deprived food-serving (n = 17) 399.4 ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 15, 2007·Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology·Gabriele BolteHermann Fromme
Jun 6, 2008·The Annals of Occupational Hygiene·Om P KurmiJon G Ayres
Feb 23, 2010·The Annals of Occupational Hygiene·Sean SempleJon G Ayres
Apr 3, 2007·Tobacco Control·Sean SempleJon G Ayres
Jan 1, 2008·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Mark J Travers, Kiyoung Lee
Oct 31, 2006·BMC Public Health·James L RepaceDoug Brugge
Oct 25, 2007·BMC Public Health·Constantine I VardavasAnthony G Kafatos
Aug 14, 2010·Environmental Health : a Global Access Science Source·Stefanie KolbKatja Radon
Sep 3, 2010·PLoS Medicine·Simon Capewell, Hilary Graham
Jan 12, 2011·CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association Journal = Journal De L'Association Medicale Canadienne·Ray PawsonLesley Owen
May 11, 2011·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Jacques J Prignot
Nov 27, 2008·Addiction·Freya J I FowkesJackie F Price
Feb 4, 2010·Orvosi hetilap·Dávid László TárnokiK Michael Cummings
Dec 18, 2009·Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene·Bo ZhangRoberta Ferrence
Apr 5, 2012·American Journal of Industrial Medicine·Sumal NandasenaNalini Sathiakumar

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