Levothyroxine treatment reduces thyroid size in children and adolescents with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
Johan SvenssonSten-A Ivarsson

Abstract

The use of levothyroxine to reduce thyroid size in pediatric patients with goiter due to chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) remains controversial. In overtly hypothyroid patients, reductions in thyroid volume have been reported, whereas the effect in subclinically hypothyroid and euthyroid patients is less clear. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of levothyroxine treatment on thyroid size (determined with thyroid ultrasonography) in children and adolescents with AIT. This study included patients with AIT treated at a university hospital outpatient clinic between 1987 and 2004. Ninety children with AIT (73 girls and 17 boys, aged 6.1-17.7 yr) were included in the study. Intervention was treatment with levothyroxine for a median 2.8 yr (range 0.5-10.2). Change in thyroid volume sd score (SDS) during the study period was measured. Median thyroid volume SDS was reduced in patients euthyroid (-0.4 SDS, P < 0.001), subclinically hypothyroid (-1.4 SDS, P < 0.001), and overtly hypothyroid (-1.8 SDS, P < 0.002) at diagnosis of AIT. Both hypothyroid and euthyroid patients with goiter (thyroid volume > 2.0 SDS) at baseline reduced their median thyroid volume SDS (-1.6 and -0.9, respectively, P < 0.001). Hypothyroid p...Continue Reading

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