Lifestyle factors and varicose veins: does cross-sectional design result in underestimate of the risk?

Phlebology
T M AhtiJ O Laurikka

Abstract

To assess whether smoking, alcohol drinking and dietary factors are linked with varicose veins. A middle-aged general population of 4903 was studied, and prevalence rates at entry and five-year incidence of varicose veins were assessed. Lifestyle habits were recorded at entry and at the end of the follow-up. New varicose veins were significantly more common in individuals with regular alcohol intake, incidence odds ratio (OR) 1.5 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-2.3) in a multivariate analysis (of 2202 individuals). The association was particularly strong in women. Smokers had a higher incidence of varicose veins compared with non-smokers, OR 1.3 (95% CI: 0.9-1.8), but without statistical significance. Having daily meals of meat implied less new varicose veins than having 0-2 weekly meals of meat. Alcohol was likely to increase the risk of varicose veins in women and smoking in both genders. These findings were seen in the follow-up design, but not when the data of these risk factors were compared with varicose veins prevalent at entry.

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Citations

Mar 18, 2015·International Journal of Molecular Medicine·Xianchen HuangLiming Shen
Feb 22, 2012·Phlebology·H D VlajinacM Z Maksimovic
Nov 21, 2019·Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis·Peter NymbergBengt Zöller
May 11, 2021·Drug Safety : an International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Drug Experience·Narmeen MallahBahi Takkouche

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