Lifestyle Indices and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Meta-analysis

American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Janett BarbareskoUte Nöthlings

Abstract

Several studies investigated lifestyle indices to account for interrelations between lifestyle behaviors and cardiovascular disease risk. So far, no systematic review has been conducted. Thus, the aim is to summarize the evidence of associations between lifestyle indices and cardiovascular disease risk in observational prospective studies. A systematic literature search was conducted in two databases in February 2018. Multivariable-adjusted risk estimates were combined using random effects models comparing the highest with the lowest healthy lifestyle score. Additionally, meta-analyses for cardiovascular disease types, such as stroke and heart failure, were conducted. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 index. The search identified 27 studies, of which 22 were included in the meta-analyses. Most lifestyle indices included physical activity, smoking, diet, alcohol consumption, and body weight. A healthy lifestyle was associated with a reduced risk of 66% for cardiovascular disease (95% CI=0.28, 0.41, I2=79.1%), 60% for stroke, and 69% for heart failure. A dose-response effect for adherence to an increasing number of healthy behaviors and cardiovascular disease risk was observed. Statistical heterogeneity was found, suggesting th...Continue Reading

Citations

Apr 28, 2020·European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing : Journal of the Working Group on Cardiovascular Nursing of the European Society of Cardiology·Mei-Fang ChenAi-Fu Chiou
Jan 8, 2020·Nutrients·Liv M VossenPeter W de Leeuw
Apr 27, 2021·European Journal of Nutrition·Christina-Alexandra SchulzUte Nöthlings
May 1, 2021·Frontiers in Psychology·Geraldine PrzybylkoMelanie Elise Renfrew

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