Lifetime cancer prevalence and life history traits in mammals

Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health
Amy M BoddyCarmel Witte

Abstract

Cancer is a common diagnosis in many mammalian species, yet they vary in their vulnerability to cancer. The factors driving this variation are unknown, but life history theory offers potential explanations to why cancer defense mechanisms are not equal across species. Here we report the prevalence of neoplasia and malignancy in 37 mammalian species, representing 11 mammalian orders, using 42 years of well curated necropsy data from the San Diego Zoo and San Diego Zoo Safari Park. We collected data on life history components of these species and tested for associations between life history traits and both neoplasia and malignancy, while controlling for phylogenetic history. These results support Peto's paradox, in that we find no association between lifespan and/or body mass and the prevalence of neoplasia or malignancy. However, a positive relationship exists between litter size and prevalence of malignancy (P = 0.005, Adj. R2 = 0.212), suggesting that a species' life history strategy may influence cancer vulnerabilities. Lastly, we tested for the relationship between placental invasiveness and malignancy. We find no evidence for an association between placental depth and malignancy prevalence (P = 0.618, Adj. R2 = 0.068). Life...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 27, 2020·IScience·Justine BoutryFrédéric Thomas
Nov 21, 2020·Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health·Günter P WagnerAndre Levchenko
Dec 17, 2020·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Anneke MorescoBrigid V Troan
May 5, 2021·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Marc TollisLisa M Abegglen
Jul 17, 2021·Veterinary Pathology·Jennifer A LandolfiAllan P Pessier

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Software Mentioned

PropCI
R
CAPER
LHT
R package CAPER

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