Ligature points and ligature types used by psychiatric inpatients who die by hanging: a national study

Crisis
Isabelle M HuntNational Confidential Inquiry into Suicide and Homicide

Abstract

Approximately three-quarters of patients who die by suicide on psychiatric wards do so by hanging/strangulation. Increased awareness of the methods used by these patients may benefit prevention strategies in mental health services. To describe the ligature points and ligatures used in ward hangings; to identify any trends over time in ligature points and ligatures used; and to compare these patient characteristics with other inpatient suicides. A national clinical survey of suicide cases in recent (<1 year) contact with mental health services in England and Wales (1999-2007). Of the 448 suicides that occured on psychiatric wards, 77% were by hanging. The number of hanging cases, however, has fallen by 74% since 1999. The most common ligature points and ligatures were doors, hooks/handles, windows, and belts or sheets/towels, respectively. Use of shoelaces, doors, and windows increased over time. These patient suicides had had high rates of self-harm, alcohol/drug misuse, and were more likely than other cases to have died early in admission and been formally detained for treatment. Despite the decrease in inpatient suicides by hanging, regular reviews of ward structures are needed, particularly as ligatures and ligature points c...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 9, 2012·Journal of Affective Disorders·Isabelle M HuntNav Kapur
May 25, 2013·General Hospital Psychiatry·Peter D MillsRobin R Hemphill
Apr 12, 2017·Psychological Medicine·S FlynnJ Shaw
Jun 3, 2020·International Journal for Quality in Health Care : Journal of the International Society for Quality in Health Care·Marianne WyderDavid Crompton
Nov 1, 2018·International Journal of Mental Health Systems·Allan SeppänenHarry Kennedy
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Oct 24, 2020·Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine·A JeffersJ O'Mahony
Nov 27, 2021·International Journal of Mental Health Nursing·Rachael SabrinskasJohn Oliffe

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