LINE-1 ORF1p does not determine substrate preference for human/orangutan SVA and gibbon LAVA

Mobile DNA
Annette Damert

Abstract

Non-autonomous VNTR (Variable Number of Tandem Repeats) composite retrotransposons - SVA (SINE-R-VNTR-Alu) and LAVA (L1-Alu-VNTR-Alu) - are specific to hominoid primates. SVA expanded in great apes, LAVA in gibbon. Both SVA and LAVA have been shown to be mobilized by the autonomous LINE-1 (L1)-encoded protein machinery in a cell-based assay in trans. The efficiency of human SVA retrotransposition in vitro has, however, been considerably lower than would be expected based on recent pedigree-based in vivo estimates. The VNTR composite elements across hominoids - gibbon LAVA, orangutan SVA_A descendants and hominine SVA_D descendants - display characteristic structures of the 5' Alu-like domain and the VNTR. Different partner L1 subfamilies are currently active in each of the lineages. The possibility that the lineage-specific types of VNTR composites evolved in response to evolutionary changes in their autonomous partners, particularly in the nucleic acid binding L1 ORF1-encoded protein, has not been addressed. Here I report the identification and functional characterization of a highly active human SVA element using an improved mneo retrotransposition reporter cassette. The modified cassette (mneoM) minimizes splicing between th...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
nucleotide exchanges
phosphotransferase
transfection
FCS
PCR

Key Resources (RRID) Mentioned

Addgene_51

Software Mentioned

dbRIP
LAVA
UCSC genome browser
SVA

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