Lineage-specific gene duplication and loss in human and great ape evolution

PLoS Biology
Andrew FortnaJames M Sikela

Abstract

Given that gene duplication is a major driving force of evolutionary change and the key mechanism underlying the emergence of new genes and biological processes, this study sought to use a novel genome-wide approach to identify genes that have undergone lineage-specific duplications or contractions among several hominoid lineages. Interspecies cDNA array-based comparative genomic hybridization was used to individually compare copy number variation for 39,711 cDNAs, representing 29,619 human genes, across five hominoid species, including human. We identified 1,005 genes, either as isolated genes or in clusters positionally biased toward rearrangement-prone genomic regions, that produced relative hybridization signals unique to one or more of the hominoid lineages. Measured as a function of the evolutionary age of each lineage, genes showing copy number expansions were most pronounced in human (134) and include a number of genes thought to be involved in the structure and function of the brain. This work represents, to our knowledge, the first genome-wide gene-based survey of gene duplication across hominoid species. The genes identified here likely represent a significant majority of the major gene copy number changes that have ...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
AF132984

Methods Mentioned

BETA
Fluorescence
nucleotide exchange
PCR

Software Mentioned

DAVID
BLAST
Perl
TreeView
Prism 7700
GenePix Pro
Primer Express
BLAT
Excel
BLAST BLAT

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