Linkage disequilibrium matches forensic genetic records to disjoint genomic marker sets

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Michael D EdgeNoah A Rosenberg

Abstract

Combining genotypes across datasets is central in facilitating advances in genetics. Data aggregation efforts often face the challenge of record matching-the identification of dataset entries that represent the same individual. We show that records can be matched across genotype datasets that have no shared markers based on linkage disequilibrium between loci appearing in different datasets. Using two datasets for the same 872 people-one with 642,563 genome-wide SNPs and the other with 13 short tandem repeats (STRs) used in forensic applications-we find that 90-98% of forensic STR records can be connected to corresponding SNP records and vice versa. Accuracy increases to 99-100% when ∼30 STRs are used. Our method expands the potential of data aggregation, but it also suggests privacy risks intrinsic in maintenance of databases containing even small numbers of markers-including databases of forensic significance.

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Citations

Jan 8, 2020·ELife·Michael D Edge, Graham Coop
Jun 27, 2020·G3 : Genes - Genomes - Genetics·Alyssa Lyn FortierNoah A Rosenberg
Apr 15, 2020·Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics·Sara H Katsanis
Oct 26, 2018·Nature Communications·Shubham SainiMelissa Gymrek
Jan 1, 2021·Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology·Garrett J SchumacherAaron J Hansen
May 16, 2020·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Ray A Wickenheiser
Feb 17, 2021·Forensic Science International. Genetics·Daniel KlingAndreas Tillmar
Apr 23, 2021·Journal of Forensic Sciences·Ran LiJianye Ge
Dec 11, 2021·Science Advances·Zhiyu WanBradley A Malin

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