Linking brain-wide multivoxel activation patterns to behaviour: Examples from language and math.

NeuroImage
Rajeev D S RaizadaPatricia K Kuhl

Abstract

A key goal of cognitive neuroscience is to find simple and direct connections between brain and behaviour. However, fMRI analysis typically involves choices between many possible options, with each choice potentially biasing any brain-behaviour correlations that emerge. Standard methods of fMRI analysis assess each voxel individually, but then face the problem of selection bias when combining those voxels into a region-of-interest, or ROI. Multivariate pattern-based fMRI analysis methods use classifiers to analyse multiple voxels together, but can also introduce selection bias via data-reduction steps as feature selection of voxels, pre-selecting activated regions, or principal components analysis. We show here that strong brain-behaviour links can be revealed without any voxel selection or data reduction, using just plain linear regression as a classifier applied to the whole brain at once, i.e. treating each entire brain volume as a single multi-voxel pattern. The brain-behaviour correlations emerged despite the fact that the classifier was not provided with any information at all about subjects' behaviour, but instead was given only the neural data and its condition-labels. Surprisingly, more powerful classifiers such as a l...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Mar 13, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jorie Koster-HaleLiane L Young
Oct 17, 2012·PloS One·Ramon CasanovaUNKNOWN Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Jul 17, 2013·Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience·Marc N Coutanche
Dec 3, 2015·Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience·Alek ChakroffLiane Young
May 25, 2010·Human Brain Mapping·Annette Karmiloff-Smith
Feb 15, 2011·IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging·Vincent MichelBertrand Thirion
Sep 29, 2015·BioMed Research International·Xiaoyan Zhan, Rongjun Yu
Feb 22, 2014·Cerebral Cortex·Vadim AxelrodGalit Yovel

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