Linking ciguatera poisoning to spatial ecology of fish: a novel approach to examining the distribution of biotoxin levels in the great barracuda by combining non-lethal blood sampling and biotelemetry

The Science of the Total Environment
Amanda C O'TooleSteven J Cooke

Abstract

Ciguatera in humans is typically caused by the consumption of reef fish that have accumulated Ciguatoxins (CTXs) in their flesh. Over a six month period, we captured 38 wild adult great barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda), a species commonly associated with ciguatera in The Bahamas. We sampled three tissues (i.e., muscle, liver, and blood) and analysed them for the presence of ciguatoxins using a functional in vitro N2A bioassay. Detectable concentrations of ciguatoxins found in the three tissue types ranged from 2.51 to 211.74pg C-CTX-1 equivalents/g. Blood and liver toxin concentrations were positively correlated (ρ=0.86, P=0.003), indicating that, for the first time, blood sampling provides a non-lethal method of detecting ciguatoxin in wild fish. Non-lethal blood sampling also presents opportunities to couple this approach with biotelemetry and biologging techniques that enable the study of fish distribution and movement. To demonstrate the potential for linking ciguatoxin occurrence with barracuda spatial ecology, we also present a proof-of-concept case study where blood samples were obtained from 20 fish before releasing them with acoustic transmitters and tracking them in the coastal waters using a fixed acoustic telemetry a...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Apr 5, 2014·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Matthias GaboriauMireille Chinain
Dec 20, 2015·Aquatic Toxicology·Gustav HellströmTomas Brodin
Aug 6, 2020·Toxins·Tibor PasinszkiTodd E Dennis
Apr 4, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Christopher R LoefflerDorina Bodi
Apr 21, 2021·Harmful Algae·M ChinainP A Tester
Feb 12, 2020·Aquatic Toxicology·Andres Sanchez-HenaoFernando Real
Jun 13, 2015·Science·Nigel E HusseyFred G Whoriskey

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