Lipid analysis of Eimeria sporozoites reveals exclusive phospholipids, a phylogenetic mosaic of endogenous synthesis, and a host-independent lifestyle

Cell Discovery
Pengfei KongNishith Gupta

Abstract

Successful inter-host transmission of most apicomplexan parasites requires the formation of infective sporozoites within the oocysts. Unlike all other infective stages that are strictly intracellular and depend on host resources, the sporozoite stage develops outside the host cells, but little is known about its self-governing metabolism. This study deployed Eimeria falciformis, a parasite infecting the mouse as its natural host, to investigate the process of phospholipid biogenesis in sporozoites. Lipidomic analyses demonstrated the occurrence of prototypical phospholipids along with abundant expression of at least two exclusive lipids, phosphatidylthreonine (PtdThr) and inositol phosphorylceramide with a phytosphingosine backbone, in sporozoites. To produce them de novo, the parasite harbors nearly the entire biogenesis network, which is an evolutionary mosaic of eukaryotic-type and prokaryotic-type enzymes. Notably, many have no phylogenetic counterpart or functional equivalent in the mammalian host. Using Toxoplasma gondii as a gene-tractable surrogate to examine Eimeria enzymes, we show a highly compartmentalized network of lipid synthesis spread primarily in the apicoplast, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrion, and Golgi ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 27, 2019·Biomolecules·Aike Jeucken, Jos F Brouwers
Mar 3, 2020·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Nicholas J Blunsom, Shamshad Cockcroft
Jun 27, 2019·Life Science Alliance·Özlem Günay-EsiyokNishith Gupta
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Jan 30, 2021·Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal·Bingjian RenNishith Gupta
Nov 22, 2020·Analytica Chimica Acta·Niklas Danne-RascheRobert Ahrends

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
KX785372

Methods Mentioned

BETA
phosphotransferase
transgenic
transfections
transfection
PCR

Software Mentioned

GraphPad Prism
R
CLC Sequence Viewer
LAGeSo
FigTree
ImageJ
XCMS

Related Concepts

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