Lipid and Non-lipid Factors Affecting Macrophage Dysfunction and Inflammation in Atherosclerosis

Frontiers in Physiology
Mark S GibsonOtilia V Vieira

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease and a leading cause of human mortality. The lesional microenvironment contains a complex accumulation of variably oxidized lipids and cytokines. Infiltrating monocytes become polarized in response to these stimuli, resulting in a broad spectrum of macrophage phenotypes. The extent of lipid loading in macrophages influences their phenotype and consequently their inflammatory status. In response to excess atherogenic ligands, many normal cell processes become aberrant following a loss of homeostasis. This can have a direct impact upon the inflammatory response, and conversely inflammation can lead to cell dysfunction. Clear evidence for this exists in the lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria of atherosclerotic macrophages, the principal lesional cell type. Furthermore, several intrinsic cell processes become dysregulated under lipidotic conditions. Therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring cell function under disease conditions are an ongoing coveted aim. Macrophages play a central role in promoting lesional inflammation, with plaque progression and stability being directly proportional to macrophage abundance. Understanding how mixtures or individual lipid species re...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 30, 2019·British Journal of Pharmacology·Jennifer L Harman, Helle F Jørgensen
Oct 1, 2019·Journal of Immunology Research·Derek StrassheimVijaya Karoor
Mar 20, 2020·Journal of Immunology Research·Zhengyang BaoZhongqun Wang
Nov 9, 2018·Frontiers in Physiology·Shuhong Hu, Li Zhu
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Nov 5, 2019·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids·Chan-Juan ZhangLi Qin
Dec 18, 2020·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Ayelet Gonen, Yury I Miller
Jan 30, 2021·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Anastasia V PoznyakAlexander N Orekhov
Mar 5, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Adam BajgarTomáš Doležal
Mar 16, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Lauren H FairleyAnna M Barron
Apr 11, 2021·Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine·Yi-Fei ZhangYin-Feng Zhang
Apr 16, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·André R A MarquesOtília V Vieira

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

Chems

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