Lipid Flippases for Bacterial Peptidoglycan Biosynthesis

Lipid Insights
Natividad Ruiz

Abstract

The biosynthesis of cellular polysaccharides and glycoconjugates often involves lipid-linked intermediates that need to be translocated across membranes. Essential pathways such as N-glycosylation in eukaryotes and biogenesis of the peptidoglycan (PG) cell wall in bacteria share a common strategy where nucleotide-sugars are used to build a membrane-bound oligosaccharide precursor that is linked to a phosphorylated isoprenoid lipid. Once made, these lipid-linked intermediates must be translocated across a membrane so that they can serve as substrates in a different cellular compartment. How translocation occurs is poorly understood, although it clearly requires a transporter or flippase. Identification of these transporters is notoriously difficult, and, in particular, the identity of the flippase of lipid II, an intermediate required for PG biogenesis, has been the subject of much debate. Here, I will review the body of work that has recently fueled this controversy, centered on proposed flippase candidates FtsW, MurJ, and AmJ.

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Citations

Aug 16, 2016·Nature·Alexander J MeeskeDavid Z Rudner
Dec 27, 2016·Nature Structural & Molecular Biology·Alvin C Y KukSeok-Yong Lee
Apr 18, 2018·Journal of Bacteriology·Margareth SidartaEwa Bukowska-Faniband
Nov 30, 2018·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Sujeet KumarNatividad Ruiz
Dec 16, 2016·Parasitology·Katherine A Abrahams, Gurdyal S Besra
Dec 24, 2016·Molecular Microbiology·Richard J Lewis
Sep 21, 2018·Frontiers in Microbiology·Alejandro Montón SilvaTanneke den Blaauwen
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Jan 21, 2021·EcoSal Plus·Shambhavi GardeManjula Reddy
May 31, 2018·Chemical Reviews·David A DikShahriar Mobashery

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
FRET

Related Concepts

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Bacterial Cell Wall Structure (ASM)

Bacterial cell walls are made of peptidoglycan (also called murein), which is made from polysaccharide chains cross-linked by unusual peptides containing D-amino acids. Here is the latest research on bacterial cell wall structures.

Bacterial Cell Wall Structure

Bacterial cell walls are made of peptidoglycan (also called murein), which is made from polysaccharide chains cross-linked by unusual peptides containing D-amino acids. Here is the latest research on bacterial cell wall structures.