Lipids and the Permeability and Antimicrobial Barriers of the Skin

Journal of Lipids
P W Wertz

Abstract

The primary purpose of the epidermis of terrestrial vertebrates is to produce the stratum corneum, which serves as the interface between the organism and the environment. As such, the stratum corneum provides a permeability barrier which both limits water loss through the skin and provides a relatively tough permeability barrier. This provides for a degree of resistance to mechanical trauma and prevents or limits penetration of potentially harmful substances from the environment. The stratum corneum consists of an array of keratinized cells embedded in a lipid matrix. It is this intercellular lipid that determines the permeability of the stratum corneum. The main lipids here are ceramides, cholesterol, and fatty acids. In addition, the skin surface of mammals, including humans, is coated by a lipid film produced by sebaceous glands in the dermis and secreted through the follicles. Human sebum consists mainly of squalene, wax monoesters, and triglycerides with small proportions of cholesterol and cholesterol esters. As sebum passes through the follicles, some of the triglycerides are hydrolyzed by bacteria to liberate free fatty acids. Likewise, near the skin surface, where water becomes available, some of the ceramides are acte...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 17, 2019·Experimental Dermatology·Tongyu C WikramanayakeRalf Paus
Nov 12, 2019·Immunology·Emma S Chambers, Milica Vukmanovic-Stejic
Jul 30, 2019·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Concepcion ParradoAngeles Juarranz
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Feb 10, 2021·Chemistry and Physics of Lipids·Sophie Knox, Niamh M O'Boyle
Feb 3, 2021·Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology·Minji ParkWon Hee Jung
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Philip W Wertz
May 20, 2021·Clinical Interventions in Aging·Kumutnart ChanprapaphPoonkiat Suchonwanit
Dec 28, 2021·Pharmaceutical Development and Technology·Mengyang LiuJingyuan Wen

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