Lipophilic Chemicals from Diesel Exhaust Particles Trigger Calcium Response in Human Endothelial Cells via Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Non-Genomic Signalling

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Bendik C BrinchmannJohan Øvrevik

Abstract

Exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) affects endothelial function and may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and vasomotor dysfunction. As intracellular calcium concentration [Ca2+] i is considered important in myoendothelial signalling, we explored the effects of extractable organic matter from DEPs (DEP-EOM) on [Ca2+] i and membrane microstructure in endothelial cells. DEP-EOM of increasing polarity was obtained by pressurized sequential extraction of DEPs with n-hexane (n-Hex-EOM), dichloromethane (DCM-EOM), methanol, and water. Chemical analysis revealed that the majority of organic matter was extracted by the n-Hex- and DCM-EOM, with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons primarily occurring in n-Hex-EOM. The concentration of calcium was measured in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) using micro-spectrofluorometry. The lipophilic n-Hex-EOM and DCM-EOM, but not the more polar methanol- and water-soluble extracts, induced rapid [Ca2+] i increases in HMEC-1. n-Hex-EOM triggered [Ca2+] i increase from intracellular stores, followed by extracellular calcium influx consistent with store operated calcium entry (SOCE). By contrast, the less lipophilic DCM-EOM triggered [Ca2+] i increase via extracel...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 26, 2019·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering·Kamaljeet KaurKerry E Kelly
Apr 2, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Raimo Pohjanvirta, Matti Viluksela
Nov 21, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Marie LiaminLydie Sparfel
Aug 24, 2019·Environmental Health : a Global Access Science Source·Jørn A HolmeJohan Øvrevik
Dec 6, 2020·Particle and Fibre Toxicology·Shuang LiangZhiwei Sun

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transfection
fluorescence microscopy
dot blot
confocal microscopy

Software Mentioned

METAFLUOR
ImageJ
Fiji
GraphPad Prism

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