Lipopolysaccharide- and superantigen-modulated superoxide production and monocyte hyporesponsiveness to activating stimuli in sepsis

Shock
Dhanonjoy C SahaE Rackow

Abstract

The effects of acute and prior exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) on superoxide release by monocytes were examined in control subjects and in patients with sepsis and septic shock during the acute stage and recovery. High doses of LPS, PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate), and SEB stimulated monocyte superoxide release in control subjects (P < 0.05). Pretreatment of normal monocytes with these doses of LPS, PMA, and SEB induced significant hyporesponsiveness to subsequent challenge (P < 0.01), and evidence of cross-tolerance was observed. Monocytes isolated from patients with sepsis and septic shock demonstrated high spontaneous superoxide release compared with those of control subjects (P < 0.05). Stimulation of patient monocytes with LPS or SEB resulted in less superoxide production than that spontaneously released by controls (P < 0.01). In patients recovering from their initial infection, spontaneous superoxide release was less than that released during acute stage. In addition, the superoxide release in response to the same stimuli was significantly increased when compared with release during the acute stage (P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that both LPS and SEB induce hyporespon...Continue Reading

References

Jul 1, 1992·Immunology Today·W A Lynn, D T Golenbock
Nov 1, 1991·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·C MunozJ M Cavaillon
Feb 1, 1990·Infection and Immunity·R LevyE H Beachey
Mar 1, 1990·Infection·B OrenH Hass
Jun 1, 1990·Science·P Marrack, J Kappler
Dec 1, 1994·Journal of Leukocyte Biology·G L CardG L Gustafson
Sep 1, 1993·Chest·T M Fuhrman
Jul 1, 1997·Intensive Care Medicine·C PascualK Reinhart
Jul 6, 2000·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·M HirschfeldJ J Weis
Feb 7, 2001·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·A Von Knethen A, B Brüne
Oct 31, 2002·Immunologic Research·Karen E Iles, Henry Jay Forman
Apr 9, 2005·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Andreas von KnethenBernhard Brüne
Jan 6, 2006·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews·Maureen R Gwinn, Val Vallyathan
Oct 19, 2006·Critical Care : the Official Journal of the Critical Care Forum·Jean-Marc Cavaillon, Minou Adib-Conquy
Feb 28, 2007·The Journal of Cell Biology·Andreas von KnethenBernhard Brüne
Feb 27, 2009·Critical Care Medicine·Annelies DraismaJohannes G van der Hoeven
Sep 29, 2009·Trends in Immunology·Subhra K Biswas, Eduardo Lopez-Collazo

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.