Liposomal subunit vaccines: effects of lipid A and aluminum hydroxide on immunogenicity

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
R L RichardsN M Wassef

Abstract

Protein and peptide antigens frequently are only slightly immunogenic when utilized alone in vaccines. Formulation of these antigens in a carrier vehicle, particularly when an adjuvant is included, often results in markedly enhanced immune responses. Encapsulation of peptide and protein antigens in liposomes generally results in a relatively slight enhancement of antibody production compared with that observed with the antigen alone. However, when lipid A is included in the liposomes, immunogenicity is markedly increased compared both with antigen alone and with antigen encapsulated in liposomes lacking lipid A. The enhancement of the immune response caused by lipid A is dependent on the liposomal lipid A dose. Aluminum salts, such as aluminum hydroxide and aluminum phosphate, act as adjuvants for some antigens and are used in a variety of human vaccines. When liposomes containing encapsulated protein or peptide antigens were adsorbed with aluminum hydroxide, an enhancement of the antibody response was observed with some antigens, whereas with other antigens the presence of aluminum hydroxide either had no effect or resulted in a diminished antibody response. Immunogenicity of protein and peptide antigens can be enhanced by for...Continue Reading

References

Aug 1, 1992·AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses·C R AlvingB Detrick
Jun 24, 1991·Journal of Immunological Methods·C R Alving
Jan 1, 1992·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·L F FriesC R Alving
Jan 1, 1990·International Reviews of Immunology·R Edelman, C O Tacket
Jun 1, 1994·ImmunoMethods·N M WassefR L Richards

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Mar 10, 2016·Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences·Duk Kyung KimHak-Kyo Lee
Oct 22, 2016·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Erik Őrfi, János Szebeni
Mar 13, 2014·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·K C CollinsK D Janda

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Avian Influenza: Innate Immune Adjuvant

Adjuvants systems that are added to vaccines against avian influenza have be explored to enhance the innate immune system response against the virus. Here is the latest research on avian influenza and the innate immune adjuvant.

Avian Influenza: Innate Immune Adjuvant (ASM)

Adjuvants systems that are added to vaccines against avian influenza have be explored to enhance the innate immune system response against the virus. Here is the latest research on avian influenza and the innate immune adjuvant.