Abstract
Liquid marble (LM), a self-standing micro-scale aqueous droplet, emerges as a micro-bioreactor in biological applications. Herein, the potential of LM as media for cell-free synthesis and simultaneous immobilization of recombinant proteins is explored. Initially, formation of hydrogel marble (HM) by using an enzymatic disulfide-based hydrogelation technique is confirmed by incorporating three components, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), a tetra-thiolated poly(ethylene glycol) derivative, and glycyl-L-tyrosine, in LM. The compatibility of the enzymatic hydrogelation with cell-free protein synthesis in LM is then validated. Although the hydrogelation reduces the level of protein synthesis in LM when compared with that in a test tube, the biosynthesis of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) is achieved. Interestingly, EGFP synthesized in LM is entrapped in the HM, and the introduction of a cysteine residue to EGFP by genetic engineering further increases the amount of protein immobilization in the hydrogel matrices. These results suggest that the cell-free synthesis and HRP-catalyzed hydrogelation can be conducted in parallel in LM, and the eventual entrapment of the key components in HM is possible. Facile recovery of macromole...Continue Reading
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