Lithium Iron Aluminum Nickelate, LiNix Fey Alz O2 -New Sustainable Cathodes for Next-Generation Cobalt-Free Li-Ion Batteries

Advanced Materials
Nitin MuralidharanIlias Belharouak

Abstract

In recent years, cobalt has become a critical constraint on the supply chain of the Li-ion battery industry. With the ever-increasing projections for electric vehicles, the dependency of current Li-ion batteries on the ever-fluctuating cobalt prices poses serious environmental and sustainability issues. To address these challenges, a new class of cobalt-free materials with general formula of LiNix Fey Alz O2 (x + y + z = 1), termed as the lithium iron aluminum nickelate (NFA) class of cathodes, is introduced. These cobalt-free materials are synthesized using the sol-gel process to explore their compositional landscape by varying aluminum and iron. These NFA variants are characterized using electron microscopy, neutron and X-ray diffraction, and Mössbauer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to investigate their morphological, physical, and crystal-structure properties. Operando experiments by X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and galvanostatic intermittent titration have been also used to study the crystallographic transitions, electrochemical activity, and Li-ion diffusivity upon lithium removal and uptake in the NFA cathodes. NFA compositions yield specific capacities of ≈200 mAh g-1 , demonstrating reasonable rate c...Continue Reading

References

Mar 24, 2009·Nature Materials·Yang-Kook SunKhalil Amine
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Oct 23, 2019·Journal of Applied Crystallography·Ashfia HuqGeorge Rennich
Mar 28, 2020·Nature Communications·Arumugam Manthiram

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