Lithium therapy and disorders of the parathyroid glands.

Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
C R McHenry, K Lee

Abstract

To review the effects of lithium (Li+) on the parathyroid glands. We describe the incidence and clinical features of Li(+)-associated hyperparathyroidism and summarize the current state of knowledge of the in vitro and in vivo effects of Li+ on the parathyroid cell. Li+ treatment is known to increase the calcium set-point in the parathyroid glands for inhibition of parathyroid hormone secretion. Evidence suggests that this change in calcium set-point occurs as a result of Li+ interference with transmembrane signal transduction in the parathyroid cell. Li+ therapy may accentuate the set-point error in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and unmask preexisting hyperplastic or adenomatous changes in the parathyroid glands. Li+ may also cause de novo hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism that are usually mild, clinically insignificant, and reversible with discontinuation of Li+ therapy. In some patients receiving long-term Li+ therapy, however, persistent hyperparathyroidism develops despite discontinuation of Li+ therapy, and it may be symptomatic and associated with serious organ system sequelae. Li(+)-associated hypercalcemia can be a challenging clinical dilemma in patients with bipolar affective disorder because of the l...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 19, 2012·Journal of Affective Disorders·Susan W Lehmann, Janet Lee
Oct 25, 2006·American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation·James A Sloand, Mark A Shelly
Jun 22, 2016·Current Problems in Surgery·Lee F StarkerPaul H Graham
Sep 20, 2019·The Mental Health Clinician·Charles Dorflinger, Matthew Fuller
Mar 28, 2006·British Journal of Hospital Medicine·A Green, J D A Clark
Mar 10, 2006·Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists·Hasnain M Khandwala, Stan Van Uum
Dec 3, 2020·British Journal of Hospital Medicine·Simon MifsudMark Gruppetta
Jun 8, 2021·AACE Clinical Case Reports·Srinagesh Mannekote ThippaiahBadari Birur

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