Live bacterial vaccine vectors: an overview

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]
Adilson José da SilvaElizabeth Angélica Leme Martins

Abstract

Genetically attenuated microorganisms, pathogens, and some commensal bacteria can be engineered to deliver recombinant heterologous antigens to stimulate the host immune system, while still offering good levels of safety. A key feature of these live vectors is their capacity to stimulate mucosal as well as humoral and/or cellular systemic immunity. This enables the use of different forms of vaccination to prevent pathogen colonization of mucosal tissues, the front door for many infectious agents. Furthermore, delivery of DNA vaccines and immune system stimulatory molecules, such as cytokines, can be achieved using these special carriers, whose adjuvant properties and, sometimes, invasive capacities enhance the immune response. More recently, the unique features and versatility of these vectors have also been exploited to develop anti-cancer vaccines, where tumor-associated antigens, cytokines, and DNA or RNA molecules are delivered. Different strategies and genetic tools are constantly being developed, increasing the antigenic potential of agents delivered by these systems, opening fresh perspectives for the deployment of vehicles for new purposes. Here we summarize the main characteristics of the different types of live bacter...Continue Reading

Citations

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transfection
genetic modifications

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Cancer Vaccines

Cancer vaccines are vaccines that either treat existing cancer or prevent development of a cancer.

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Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research = Revista Brasileira De Pesquisas Médicas E Biológicas
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