Living with companion animals, physical activity and mortality in a U.S. national cohort.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Richard F Gillum, Thomas O Obisesan

Abstract

Living with a canine companion is postulated to increase physical activity. We test the hypotheses that adults living with a canine companion have a higher level of physical activity and reduced mortality risk compared to those not living with a companion animal. A U.S. national health survey with longitudinal mortality follow-up studied 11,394 American men and women aged 40 years and over examined in 1988-1994 followed an average 8.5 years. Measurements at baseline included self-reported companion animals in the household, socio-demographics, health status, physical and biochemical measurements. Outcome measures were leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), and death from all causes. Death during follow-up occurred in 3,187 persons. In bivariate cross-sectional analyses living with a dog was associated with more frequent LTPA and higher survival. In proportional hazards regression analysis, no significant interaction of age, gender or ethnicity with animals was found. After adjusting for confounding by baseline socio-demographics and health status at ages 40+, the hazards ratio (95% confidence limits) for living with a canine companion compared to no animals was 1.21(1.04-1.41, p < 0.001). After also controlling for health behav...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 23, 2014·BMC Geriatrics·Jitka PikhartovaChristina Victor
May 14, 2016·High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention : the Official Journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension·Imala OgechiJian Zhang
Aug 5, 2016·High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention : the Official Journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension·Richard F Gillum
Aug 10, 2016·High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention : the Official Journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension·Imala OgechiJian Zhang
May 10, 2016·Journal of Sports Sciences·Fábio Rodrigo Ferreira GomesGo Tani
Dec 18, 2014·Journal of Sports Sciences·Sam LiuRobert Peter Nolan
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Dec 24, 2016·Journal of Hypertension·Enayet K ChowdhuryUNKNOWN ANBP2 Management Committee
Nov 30, 2016·The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care·Cheryl A Krause-ParelloJohn E Kolassa
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Mar 2, 2017·Journal of Hypertension·Alberto AvolioMark Butlin
Oct 9, 2019·Circulation. Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes·Caroline K KramerRenée S Suen
Dec 6, 2019·The Pan African Medical Journal·Ayi Vandi KwagheGideon Mbursa Mshelbwala
Oct 21, 2020·Circulation. Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes·Adrian BaumanEmmanuel Stamatakis
May 4, 2021·Integrative and Comparative Biology·Caleb M Bryce

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