LLT1 and CD161 Expression in Human Germinal Centers Promotes B Cell Activation and CXCR4 Downregulation

The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists
Alba LlibreChristian B Willberg

Abstract

Germinal centers (GCs) are microanatomical structures critical for the development of high-affinity Abs and B cell memory. They are organized into two zones, light and dark, with coordinated roles, controlled by local signaling. The innate lectin-like transcript 1 (LLT1) is known to be expressed on B cells, but its functional role in the GC reaction has not been explored. In this study, we report high expression of LLT1 on GC-associated B cells, early plasmablasts, and GC-derived lymphomas. LLT1 expression was readily induced via BCR, CD40, and CpG stimulation on B cells. Unexpectedly, we found high expression of the LLT1 ligand, CD161, on follicular dendritic cells. Triggering of LLT1 supported B cell activation, CD83 upregulation, and CXCR4 downregulation. Overall, these data suggest that LLT1-CD161 interactions play a novel and important role in B cell maturation within the GC in humans.

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Citations

May 31, 2019·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Joanna HalkiasTrevor D Burt
Jan 28, 2020·Annual Review of Immunology·Nicholas M Provine, Paul Klenerman
May 5, 2018·Frontiers in Immunology·Kornelis S M van der GeestAnnemieke M H Boots
Nov 7, 2019·Virchows Archiv : an International Journal of Pathology·Claudio AgostinelliTeresa Marafioti
Sep 10, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Melina IoannidisMariolina Salio
Apr 18, 2017·F1000Research·Alba LlibreChris B Willberg
Jul 29, 2020·Frontiers in Genetics·Zhu TianZhiyun Wang
Mar 20, 2018·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Annesa FlentjeBradley E Aouizerat

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transfection
FCS
FACS
Flow cytometry
ELISA
PCR

Software Mentioned

GraphPad
Fiji
InvivoGen
ImageJ
Leica confocal
FlowJo
GraphPad Prism

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