PMID: 8953501Oct 1, 1996Paper

Local tolerance of subcutaneous injections

The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
J Fransson, A Espander-Jansson

Abstract

Human insulin-like growth factor I (hIGF-I) has several possible clinical applications. Because subcutaneous administration of the drug can cause pain, local tolerance to injection of different formulations with or without hIGF-I has been investigated in man using isotonic saline solution as reference. The formulations, made isotonic with NaCl, ranged in pH from 6 to 7 with phosphate buffer concentrations of 5 to 50 mM. The local tolerance after injection was assessed as injection pain on a visual analogue scale, pain duration and local tolerance (redness, paleness and oedema). The discomfort at the injection site was lowest with 10 mM phosphate, pH 7. Injection of buffer at pH 6 (50 mM phosphate) caused significantly more pain than using 10 mM phosphate, whereas the pain at pH 6 using 10 mM phosphate did not differ significantly from that experienced on injection of the solution at pH 7 using either 10 or 50 mM phosphate. hIGF-I itself did not seem to cause pain. We concluded that for subcutaneous injections at non-physiological pH, the buffer strength should be kept as low as possible to avoid pain upon injection. We also hypothesize that when a non-physiological pH must be used for stability reasons, a lower buffer strength ...Continue Reading

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Sep 2, 2011·Rheumatology International·Christina KaiserBjörn Pilström
Mar 31, 2005·Supportive Care in Cancer : Official Journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer·Emilia BarciaSofía Negro
Jul 19, 2006·Supportive Care in Cancer : Official Journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer·Emilia BarciaSofia Negro
Jan 19, 2012·Supportive Care in Cancer : Official Journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer·Massimo DestroSilvia Boschetti
Dec 22, 2007·Journal of Palliative Medicine·María Amparo Martínez GómezVíctor Jiménez Torres
May 10, 2012·Clinical Drug Investigation·W Kenneth WardJoseph El Youssef
Apr 29, 2014·Journal of Nanobiotechnology·Christopher B FoxDarrick Carter
Oct 1, 2008·Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences·Susanne MatheusHanns-Christian Mahler
Jun 11, 1998·Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences·G A BrazeauP Gupta
Aug 21, 2013·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·S M Scruggs, M Rishniw
Oct 15, 2013·Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials·Amir FakhariCory Berkland
Aug 30, 2005·Journal of Pain and Symptom Management·Sofía NegroEmilia Barcia
Jun 2, 2015·International Journal of Pharmaceutics·Wei Wang
Nov 30, 2016·Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences·Teddy J ZbacnikMark Cornell Manning
Feb 1, 2006·Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology·Torben LaursenSanne Fisker
Nov 22, 2018·Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology·Federico Leonel ParraEder Lilia Romero
Jan 16, 2021·Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology : Case Reports and Clinical Investigations : Official Journal of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology·Yasuko OwadaNoriyuki Namba
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