Localization and cellular amounts of the WalRKJ (VicRKX) two-component regulatory system proteins in serotype 2 Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Journal of Bacteriology
Kyle J WayneMalcolm E Winkler

Abstract

The WalRK two-component regulatory system coordinates gene expression that maintains cell wall homeostasis and responds to antibiotic stress in low-GC Gram-positive bacteria. Phosphorylated WalR (VicR) of the major human respiratory pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae (WalR(Spn)) positively regulates transcription of several surface virulence genes and, most critically, pcsB, which encodes an essential cell division protein. Despite numerous studies of several species, little is known about the signals sensed by the WalK histidine kinase or the function of the WalJ ancillary protein encoded in the walRK(Spn) operon. To better understand the functions of the WalRKJ(Spn) proteins in S. pneumoniae, we performed experiments to determine their cellular localization and amounts. In contrast to WalK from Bacillus subtilis (WalK(Bsu)), which is localized at division septa, immunofluorescence microscopy showed that WalK(Spn) is distributed throughout the cell periphery. WalJ(Spn) is also localized to the cell surface periphery, whereas WalR(Spn) was found to be localized in the cytoplasm around the nucleoid. In fractionation experiments, WalR(Spn) was recovered from the cytoplasmic fraction, while WalK(Spn) and the majority of WalJ(Spn) w...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 19, 2011·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Lok-To ShamMalcolm E Winkler
Jun 21, 2011·Journal of Bacteriology·Adrian D Land, Malcolm E Winkler
Jan 29, 2013·Nature Chemical Biology·Yue FuDavid P Giedroc
Jan 3, 2013·Molecular Microbiology·Karen SchreckeThorsten Mascher
Dec 12, 2012·Molecular Microbiology·Bernard MartinJean-Pierre Claverys
Oct 15, 2013·Molecular Microbiology·Adrian D LandMalcolm E Winkler
Apr 16, 2015·Microbiology·TuAnh Ngoc HuynhValley Stewart
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Mar 9, 2018·Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry·Hiraku Takada, Hirofumi Yoshikawa
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Nov 23, 2016·Journal of Bacteriology·Andrea MuraOrietta Massidda
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Jun 6, 2018·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Charles Y WangSuzanne Dawid
Mar 28, 2021·Journal of Applied Microbiology·P S Lannes-CostaP E Nagao

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