Lolium perenne apoplast metabolomics for identification of novel metabolites produced by the symbiotic fungus Epichloë festucae

The New Phytologist
Kimberly GreenBarry Scott

Abstract

Epichloë festucae is an endophytic fungus that forms a symbiotic association with Lolium perenne. Here we analysed how the metabolome of the ryegrass apoplast changed upon infection of this host with sexual and asexual isolates of E. festucae. A metabolite fingerprinting approach was used to analyse the metabolite composition of apoplastic wash fluid from uninfected and infected L. perenne. Metabolites enriched or depleted in one or both of these treatments were identified using a set of interactive tools. A genetic approach in combination with tandem MS was used to identify a novel product of a secondary metabolite gene cluster. Metabolites likely to be present in the apoplast were identified using MarVis in combination with the BioCyc and KEGG databases, and an in-house Epichloë metabolite database. We were able to identify the known endophyte-specific metabolites, peramine and epichloëcyclins, as well as a large number of unknown markers. To determine whether these methods can be applied to the identification of novel Epichloë-derived metabolites, we deleted a gene encoding a NRPS (lgsA) that is highly expressed in planta. Comparative MS analysis of apoplastic wash fluid from wild-type- vs mutant-infected plants identified a...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 29, 2020·Frontiers in Plant Science·Yali SunJin-Gui Chen
Dec 29, 2020·Frontiers in Plant Science·Xin ZhangBaohong Zhang
Jun 3, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Melissa M CadelisSiouxsie Wiles
Sep 29, 2021·Natural Product Reports·Simon C Kessler, Yit-Heng Chooi

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
PPRJNA447872

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
NMR

Software Mentioned

marvis filter
cluster
macvector
pathway
marvis
Compound Discoverer
markerlynx xs for masslynx

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