Long-range atmospheric transport of three toxaphene congeners across Europe. Modeling by chained single-box FATEMOD program.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
Jaakko PaasivirtaManu Lahtinen

Abstract

Since toxaphene (polychlorocamphene, polychloropinene, or strobane) mixtures were applied for massive insecticide use in the 1960s to replace the use of DDT, some of their congeners have been found at high latitudes far away from the usage areas. Especially polychlorinated bornanes have demonstrated dominating congeners transported by air up to the Arctic areas. Environmental fate modeling has been applied to monitor this phenomenon using parallel zones of atmosphere around the globe as interconnected environments. These zones, shown in many meteorological maps, however, may not be the best way to configure atmospheric transport in air trajectories. The latter could also be covered by connecting a chain of simple model boxes. We aim to study this alternative approach by modeling the trajectory chain using catchment boxes of our FATEMOD model. Polychlorobornanes analyzed in biota of the Barents Sea offered one case to study this modeling alternative, while toxaphene has been and partly still is used massively at southern East Europe and around rivers flowing to the Aral Sea. Pure model substances of three polychlorobornanes (toxaphene congeners P26, P50, and P62) were synthesized, their environmentally important thermal properti...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 26, 2009·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Aleksandra MostragMaciej Haranczyk
Sep 4, 2010·Se pu = Chinese journal of chromatography·Bing ZhangMinghui Zheng
Nov 7, 2018·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Tuomas M A NurmiJuha S Knuutinen

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