Long-term behavioral, electrophysiological, and neurochemical monitoring of the safety of an experimental antiepileptic implant, the muscimol-delivering Subdural Pharmacotherapy Device in monkeys

Journal of Neurosurgery
Nandor LudvigRuben I Kuzniecky

Abstract

The authors evaluated the extent to which the Subdural Pharmacotherapy Device (SPD), chronically implanted over the frontal cortex to perform periodic, localized muscimol-delivery/CSF removal cycles, affects overall behavior, motor performance, electroencephalography (EEG) activity, and blood and CSF neurochemistry in macaque monkeys. Two monkeys were used to adjust methodology and 4 monkeys were subjected to comprehensive testing. Prior to surgery, the animals' behavior in a large test chamber was monitored, and the motor skills required to remove food pellets from food ports located on the walls of the chamber were determined. The monkeys underwent implantation of the subdural and extracranial SPD units. The subdural unit, a silicone strip integrating EEG electrodes and fluid-exchange ports, was positioned over the right frontal cortex. The control unit included a battery-powered, microprocessor-regulated dual minipump and radiofrequency module secured to the cranium. After implantation, the SPD automatically performed periodic saline or muscimol (1.0 mM) deliveries at 12-hour intervals, alternating with local CSF removals at 6-hour intervals. The antiepileptic efficacy of this muscimol concentration was verified by demonstra...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 17, 2015·Behavioural Brain Research·Nandor LudvigJohn G Kral
Feb 25, 2014·Journal of Neurosurgery·Collin C TeboTheodore H Schwartz
Apr 28, 2017·The Medical Journal of Australia·Jeffrey V Rosenfeld, Yan Tat Wong
Dec 2, 2020·Pharmaceutics·Manuela Gernert, Malte Feja

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Pharmacotherapy
sedation

Software Mentioned

Chromeleon
Pinnacle
SAS
SPD
Pinnacle Studio

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