Long-Term Chronic Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia Induces Glucose Transporter (GLUT4) Translocation Through AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) in the Soleus Muscle in Lean Rats

Frontiers in Physiology
Patricia SiquesSilvia M Arribas

Abstract

Background: In chronic hypoxia (CH) and short-term chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) exposure, glycemia and insulin levels decrease and insulin sensitivity increases, which can be explained by changes in glucose transport at skeletal muscles involving GLUT1, GLUT4, Akt, and AMPK, as well as GLUT4 translocation to cell membranes. However, during long-term CIH, there is no information regarding whether these changes occur similarly or differently than in other types of hypoxia exposure. This study evaluated the levels of AMPK and Akt and the location of GLUT4 in the soleus muscles of lean rats exposed to long-term CIH, CH, and normoxia (NX) and compared the findings. Methods: Thirty male adult rats were randomly assigned to three groups: a NX (760 Torr) group (n = 10), a CIH group (2 days hypoxia/2 days NX; n = 10) and a CH group (n = 10). Rats were exposed to hypoxia for 30 days in a hypobaric chamber set at 428 Torr (4,600 m). Feeding (10 g daily) and fasting times were accurately controlled. Measurements included food intake (every 4 days), weight, hematocrit, hemoglobin, glycemia, serum insulin (by ELISA), and insulin sensitivity at days 0 and 30. GLUT1, GLUT4, AMPK levels and Akt activation in rat soleus muscles were determ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 10, 2020·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Abitha SukumaranBiplab Dasgupta
Apr 5, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Franziska Dengler
Mar 8, 2020·Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology·Pearl LeeM Celeste Simon
Apr 15, 2021·Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders·Veerle van HultenGijs H Goossens
Jul 6, 2021·Molecular Metabolism·Rens L J van MeijelGijs H Goossens
Aug 26, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Misa HoriikeShigeo Kawada

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
ELISA
electrophoresis
confocal microscopy

Software Mentioned

ImageJ
HOMA2
MetaMorph
SPSS

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