Long-term demographic and genetic effects of releasing captive-born individuals into the wild

Conservation Biology : the Journal of the Society for Conservation Biology
Janna R Willoughby, Mark R Christie

Abstract

Because of continued habitat destruction and species extirpations, the need to use captive breeding for conservation purposes has been increasing steadily. However, the long-term demographic and genetic effects associated with releasing captive-born individuals with varied life histories into the wild remain largely unknown. To address this question, we developed forward-time, agent-based models for 4 species with long-running captive-breeding and release programs: coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia), western toad (Anaxyrus boreas), and Whooping Crane (Grus americana). We measured the effects of supplementation by comparing population size and neutral genetic diversity in supplemented populations to the same characteristics in unaltered populations 100 years after supplementation ended. Releasing even slightly less fit captive-born individuals to supplement wild populations typically resulted in reductions in population sizes and genetic diversity over the long term when the fitness reductions were heritable (i.e., due to genetic adaptation to captivity) and populations continued to be regulated by density-dependent mechanisms over time. Negative effects for species with longer life ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 17, 2019·Evolutionary Applications·Alison Margaret DerryErika Crispo
May 21, 2020·Evolutionary Applications·Maciej PabijanWiesław Babik
Jun 20, 2020·Ecology and Evolution·Pauline van LeeuwenAlbrecht I Schulte-Hostedde
Dec 6, 2018·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Tasha Q ThompsonMichael R Miller
May 2, 2021·Ecology Letters·Donovan A BellThomas E Reed

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