Long-term incidence of relapse and post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis after three different visceral leishmaniasis treatment regimens in Bihar, India

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Vishal GoyalFabiana Alves

Abstract

Few prospective data exist on incidence of post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) relapse after different treatment regimens. A Phase IV trial included 1761 VL patients treated between 2012-2014 with single dose AmBisome (SDA; N = 891), miltefosine-paromomycin (Milt-PM; n = 512), or AmBisome-miltefosine (AmB-Milt; n = 358). Follow-up for PKDL and VL relapse was scheduled for 6, 12 and 24 months after treatment, lasting until 2017. Patients with lesions consistent with PKDL were tested by rK39 rapid test, and if positive, underwent skin-snip sampling, smear microscopy and PCR. Probable PKDL was defined by consistent lesions and positive rK39; confirmed PKDL required additional positive microscopy or PCR. PKDL and relapse incidence density were calculated by VL treatment and risk factors evaluated in Cox proportional hazards models. Among 1,750 patients who completed treatment, 79 had relapse and 104 PKDL. Relapse incidence density was 1.58, 2.08 and 0.40 per 1000 person-months for SDA, AmB-Milt and Milt-PM, respectively. PKDL incidence density was 1.29, 1.45 and 2.65 per 1000 person-months for SDA, AmB-Milt and Milt-PM. In multivariable models, patients treated with Milt-PM had lower relapse b...Continue Reading

References

Oct 26, 2000·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·S SundarH W Murray
Sep 3, 2002·Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology·Shyam Sundar, M Rai
Oct 20, 2010·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Dinesh MondalRashidul Haque
Nov 9, 2011·Parasitology Research·Gurumurthy SrividyaPoonam Salotra
Dec 30, 2011·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Surendra UranwSuman Rijal
May 16, 2012·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Thomas P C DorloPeter J de Vries
Jul 3, 2013·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Shamim IslamCaryn Bern
Mar 20, 2018·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Margriet den BoerKoert Ritmeijer
Oct 9, 2018·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Lloyd A C ChapmanT Déirdre Hollingsworth
Oct 26, 2018·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Dinesh MondalJorge Alvar
Jan 24, 2019·BMJ : British Medical Journal·Suman RijalMarleen Boelaert

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 26, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Greta VolpedoAbhay R Satoskar
Oct 10, 2021·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Ana F S da CunhaSona Jain

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

SAS

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.