PMID: 8453424Mar 1, 1993Paper

Long-term outcome in personality disorders

The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science
M H Stone

Abstract

Personality disorders meeting DSM or ICD criteria represent the severe end of the broad spectrum of personality configurations involving maladaptive traits. The literature regarding long-term outcome of personality disorders is sparse. Most attention is devoted to formerly institutionalised patients with borderline, antisocial, or schizotypal disorders. Borderline patients at 10-25-year follow-up have a wide range of outcomes, from clinical recovery (50-60%) to suicide (3-9%). Certain factors (e.g. artistic talent) conduce to higher recovery rates, others (e.g. parental cruelty) to lower rates. Schizoid and schizotypal patients tend to remain isolated, and to lead marginal lives. The long-term outcome in antisocial persons is bleak if psychopathic traits are prominent. Personality traits and their corresponding disorders are egosyntonic, harden into habit, and are both slow to change and hard to modify. There is no one treatment of choice. Psychoanalysis and related methods work best within the anxious/inhibited group; cognitive/behavioural techniques are well suited to the disorders requiring limit setting and the amelioration of maladaptive habits.

References

Feb 1, 1992·The American Journal of Psychiatry·J M OldhamM Davies
Jan 1, 1991·Journal of Dairy Science·J D QuigleyR N Heitmann
Jan 1, 1990·European Archives of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences·J Pössl, D von Zerssen
Jul 1, 1990·The American Journal of Psychiatry·K A PhillipsL E Smith
Sep 1, 1990·Comprehensive Psychiatry·M MavissakalianB Jones
Jan 1, 1990·Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association·J L KantrowitzF Paolitto
Sep 1, 1990·Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica·R K Blashfield
Nov 1, 1990·Comprehensive Psychiatry·P S LinksM Steiner
Nov 1, 1990·Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica·S BenjaminsenR Lauritsen
Jul 1, 1990·The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science·C F DugganR M Murray
Jan 1, 1989·Alcohol and Alcoholism : International Journal of the Medical Council on Alcoholism·R N Norton, M Y Morgan
Mar 1, 1989·Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica·N ZilberY Lerner
May 1, 1989·Comprehensive Psychiatry·J Modestin, C Villiger
Oct 1, 1989·The American Journal of Psychiatry·W S Fenton, T H McGlashan
Oct 1, 1988·The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science·R Blackburn
Jun 1, 1987·Biological Psychiatry·A GeorgotasJ Welkowitz
Mar 1, 1988·Comprehensive Psychiatry·J ParisR Brown
Jun 1, 1987·Archives of General Psychiatry·B J RounsavilleR E Meyer
Jun 1, 1987·The American Journal of Psychiatry·W J Livesley
Jul 1, 1987·The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease·W J LivesleyM West
Aug 1, 1987·The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease·T H McGlashan
Nov 1, 1987·Comprehensive Psychiatry·J ParisD Nowlis
Jan 1, 1986·Psychopathology·A A Dahl
Jun 1, 1986·The American Journal of Psychiatry·W J Livesley
Jan 1, 1986·Archives of General Psychiatry·T H McGlashan
Apr 1, 1986·The American Journal of Psychiatry·M A JenikeR J Carey
Jan 1, 1985·Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology·M KahanaD Stempler
Jan 1, 1985·American Journal of Psychotherapy·P Woollcott
Sep 1, 1985·Comprehensive Psychiatry·E M PlakunJ P Muller
Nov 1, 1985·Archives of General Psychiatry·G E WoodyC P O'Brien
Jan 1, 1974·Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association·N Schlessinger, F Robbins
Jul 1, 1967·Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association·O Kernberg
Apr 1, 1983·The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science·P TyrerJ Gall
Jul 1, 1983·Archives of General Psychiatry·H S AkiskalB I Yerevanian
Mar 1, 1984·Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health·N Kreitman, S Platt
Jul 1, 1981·The American Journal of Psychiatry·J G GundersonV Austin
Nov 1, 1981·Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica·J Modestin
Oct 1, 1961·Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association·A Z PFEFFER
Apr 19, 1947·Lancet·H J EYSENCK
Oct 1, 1992·European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry·Sula Wolff

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 22, 1996·Journal of Affective Disorders·E IsometsäJ Lönnqvist
May 1, 1994·Social Science & Medicine·A V Rao
May 15, 2003·Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment·Martin H de GrootVincent M Hendriks
Apr 1, 2000·Schizophrenia Research·D DiforioL P Kestler
Jul 29, 2000·Schizophrenia Research·J J Rodríguez Solano, M González De Chávez
Mar 16, 2012·Aging & Mental Health·S P J Bas van AlphenE Erlene Rosowsky
Jun 16, 2001·Journal of Personality Disorders·G ThakerJ Gold
Aug 8, 2008·Journal of Personality Disorders·Stephanie D Stepp, Paul A Pilkonis
Dec 19, 2013·Community Mental Health Journal·Adam CarmelMonica L Rose
Oct 1, 1995·Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry·M J MarttunenJ K Lönnqvist
Aug 6, 2005·Archives of Suicide Research : Official Journal of the International Academy for Suicide Research·David TitelmanDanuta Wasserman
Dec 2, 2008·The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science·S Charles SchulzSara Corya
Dec 2, 2010·The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science·Kate M DavidsonHelen Tyrer
Dec 1, 2010·Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment·Michelle L EsterbergElaine F Walker
Nov 21, 2015·Experimental Brain Research·Milena KorostenskajaInga Griskova-Bulanova
Nov 26, 2011·Archives of Psychiatric Nursing·Susanne EkdahlKent-Inge Perseius
Sep 16, 2009·Brain and Cognition·Anna WeinbergGreg Hajcak
Sep 25, 2007·Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry·Koen P GrootensRobbert J Verkes
Dec 23, 2004·Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health : CBMH·Peter G J Greeven, Corine De Ruiter
May 20, 2004·Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing·R Gallop, W Reynolds
Jan 19, 2007·International Journal of Mental Health Nursing·Brent A Hayward
Aug 17, 2011·International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry·Janine StevensonHenry Brodaty
Mar 15, 2006·European Psychiatry : the Journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists·M Linden
Aug 10, 2005·Archives of Psychiatric Nursing·Kent-Inge PerseiusMats Samuelsson
Jul 5, 2005·Clinical Psychology Review·Eric A FertuckBarbara Stanley
Jun 14, 2002·Biological Psychiatry·Andrew E SkodolThomas A Widiger
Dec 17, 2008·Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie·Otto F KernbergPamela A Foelsch
Jun 3, 2005·Zeitschrift für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie·Christine BauerGuenter Ploettner
Jul 15, 2009·Behaviour Research and Therapy·Milton Z BrownAlexander L Chapman
Oct 19, 2016·Patient Education and Counseling·Margot JagerSijmen A Reijneveld
Oct 12, 2000·The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science·A W Bateman, P Fonagy
Jul 7, 2010·The International Journal of Social Psychiatry·Chiara De PanfilisCarlo Maggini
Nov 15, 2000·The International Journal of Social Psychiatry·C MontgomeryJ Holmes
Jun 30, 2005·Journal of Psychiatric Practice·Deborah Rutter, Peter Tyrer
Feb 16, 2011·The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry·Russell MearesDmitriy Melkonian
Nov 11, 2006·The Psychoanalytic Quarterly·Otto F Kernberg
Aug 23, 2006·Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences·Kent-Inge PerseiusMats Samuelsson

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.