Long-term trends in the epidemiology of human leptospirosis (Slovak Republic, 1954-2006).

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology
P BakossJ Jareková

Abstract

The purpose of this study was the observation of eventual shifts in some basic epidemiological features of human leptospirosis in Slovakia over a long period of time. Epidemiological traits of human leptospirosis were evaluated in three decades: 1954-1963 (822 cases), 1976-1985 (477 cases) and 1997-2006 (310 cases). The evaluation encompassed the aetiologic structure of cases, the incidence rate of diseases, men-to-women ratio of patients, as well as the professional and seasonal distribution of patients. The most affected feature was the incidence rate, which decreased by more than 70% over time. Another considerable change was the proportion of different major serological types of leptospirosis. The initially prevailing Sejroe infections fell to 4th place in the percentage rank, while Grippotyphosa disease, which was ranked 2nd place at the beginning of the observations, became dominating. Icterohaemorrhagiae disease climbed from 4th place to 2nd place. Third place was reserved by the Pomona + Tarassovi infections during the whole study period. A distinct tendency of age- and gender-specific incidence rate compared to the proportion of leptospirosis by age and gender was noticed; only minor alterations of the values of both p...Continue Reading

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