Longitudinal study of a natural outbreak of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L

Journal of Fish Diseases
R T KongtorpK Falk

Abstract

Heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) is a transmissible disease of farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. It is characterized by significant epi-, endo- and myocarditis, as well as myositis, particularly involving red skeletal muscle. The aetiology of HSMI is currently unresolved, though a viral cause is suspected. Since its discovery in 1999, HSMI has become an increasing problem for the Norwegian farming industry, with some farms experiencing yearly outbreaks and subsequent economic losses. In the present study an Atlantic salmon farm was studied from December 2003 to April 2005. Samples from apparently healthy as well as clinically diseased fish were collected monthly and examined histopathologically. The first fish to be diagnosed with HSMI was sampled in May, 8 months after transfer to sea. A clinical outbreak of HSMI followed in June, when all fish in the sample had lesions consistent with HSMI. Subsequent samples revealed that cardiac lesions decreased in severity 2 months after the start of the outbreak, but that multiple foci of cellular infiltration and necrosis persisted throughout the year. There appeared to be a shift in lesion location from being most severe in the compact myocardium in early stages of di...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 16, 2012·Diseases of Aquatic Organisms·Marie LøvollTorstein Tengs
Apr 4, 2014·Veterinary Research·Oystein Wessel FinstadEspen Rimstad
Jan 9, 2016·Veterinary Research·Hanne Merethe HaatveitEspen Rimstad
Jan 10, 2009·The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Exotic Animal Practice·Johanna SherrillStephen Hernandez-Divers
Sep 14, 2007·Journal of Fish Diseases·T T PoppeP H Bergtun
Sep 11, 2012·Preventive Veterinary Medicine·Anja B KristoffersenPeder A Jansen
Jun 4, 2015·Diseases of Aquatic Organisms·Britt Bang Jensen, Anja B Kristoffersen
Nov 3, 2016·Journal of Fish Diseases·J Wiik-NielsenA B Mikalsen
Sep 17, 2020·Journal of Fish Diseases·Mark P PolinskiKyle A Garver
Apr 2, 2019·Frontiers in Physiology·Yangfan ZhangKyle A Garver
Feb 20, 2019·Veterinary Research·Niccoló VendraminNiels Jørgen Olesen

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