Loss of beta cell function as fasting glucose increases in the non-diabetic range

Diabetologia
I F GodslandD G Johnston

Abstract

Our aim was to define the level of glycaemia at which pancreatic insulin secretion, particularly first-phase insulin release, begins to decline. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were measured during an IVGTT in 553 men with non-diabetic fasting plasma glucose concentrations. In 466 of the men C-peptide was also estimated. IVGTT insulin secretion in first and late phases was assessed by: (i) the circulating insulin response; (ii) population parameter deconvolution analysis of plasma C-peptide concentrations; and (iii) a combined model utilising both insulin and C-peptide concentrations. Measurements of insulin sensitivity and elimination were also derived by modelling analysis. As fasting plasma glucose (FPG) increased, IVGTT first-phase insulin secretion declined by 73%, 71% and 68% for the three methods respectively. The FPG values at which this decline began, determined by change point regression, were 4.97, 5.16 and 5.42 mmol/l respectively. The sensitivity of late-phase insulin secretion to glucose declined at FPG concentrations above 6.0 mmol/l. Insulin elimination, but not insulin sensitivity, varied with FPG. The range of FPG over which progressive loss of the first-phase response begins may be as low as 5.0 to ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 10, 2009·Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics·Judith L GooleyGlenn M Ward
Oct 18, 2008·Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism·S E KahnK M Utzschneider
Jul 11, 2006·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Marc Prentki, Christopher J Nolan
Jun 3, 2011·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Susumu SeinoKohtaro Minami
May 22, 2008·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Muhammad A Abdul-GhaniRalph A DeFronzo
May 10, 2011·Acta Diabetologica·Mustafa KanatMuhammad A Abdul-Ghani
Oct 24, 2013·The Analyst·Alex Stephenson-BrownPaula M Mendes
Aug 21, 2014·Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy·Giuseppe DanieleRalph A DeFronzo
Feb 2, 2011·The Medical Clinics of North America·Jonathan Shaw
Jan 15, 2008·Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental·Walter S Zawalich, Kathleen C Zawalich
Jan 15, 2008·Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental·Kentaro ToyodaYutaka Seino
Dec 8, 2006·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Kerstin KempfHubert Kolb
Mar 1, 2013·Clinical Endocrinology·Barbara A GowerG Wright Bates
Nov 18, 2014·Diabetes/metabolism Research and Reviews·Michael Bergman
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Sep 29, 2017·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·Yuesong PanYilong Wang
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Mar 21, 2019·European Journal of Endocrinology·Hanne L GulsethKåre I Birkeland
Jul 27, 2006·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Hanae YamazakiWalter S Zawalich

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