Loss of Female Sex Hormones Exacerbates Cerebrovascular and Cognitive Dysfunction in Aortic Banded Miniswine Through a Neuropeptide Y-Ca2+ -Activated Potassium Channel-Nitric Oxide Mediated Mechanism

Journal of the American Heart Association
T Dylan OlverCraig A Emter

Abstract

Postmenopausal women represent the largest cohort of patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, and vascular dementia represents the most common form of dementia in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Therefore, we tested the hypotheses that the combination of cardiac pressure overload (aortic banding [AB]) and the loss of female sex hormones (ovariectomy [OVX]) impairs cerebrovascular control and spatial memory. Female Yucatan miniswine were separated into 4 groups (n=7 per group): (1) control, (2) AB, (3) OVX, and (4) AB-OVX. Pigs underwent OVX and AB at 7 and 8 months of age, respectively. At 14 months, cerebral blood flow velocity and spatial memory (spatial hole-board task) were lower in the OVX groups (P<0.05), with significant impairments in the AB-OVX group (P<0.05). Resting carotid artery β stiffness and vascular resistance during central hypovolemia were increased in the AB-OVX group (P<0.05), and blood flow recovery after central hypovolemia was reduced in both OVX groups (P<0.05). Isolated pial artery (pressure myography) vasoconstriction to neuropeptide Y was greatest in the AB-OVX group (P<0.05), and vasodilation to the Ca2+-activated potassium channel α-subunit agonist...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 13, 2018·Hypertension·Bradley S FleenorCraig A Emter
Oct 12, 2019·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·T Dylan OlverJaume Padilla
Sep 19, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Kleiton Augusto Santos SilvaCraig A Emter
Mar 13, 2021·Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine·Yan-Li ZhengHui-Li Lin
Nov 10, 2021·Heart Failure Reviews·Chihiro MiyagiKiyotaka Fukamachi

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