Loss of virus-specific CD4(+) T cells with increases in viral loads in the chronic phase after vaccine-based partial control of primary simian immunodeficiency virus replication in macaques

The Journal of General Virology
Wen-Hui LunTetsuro Matano

Abstract

Virus-specific cellular immune responses play an important role in the control of immunodeficiency virus replication. However, preclinical trials of vaccines that induce virus-specific cellular immune responses have failed to contain simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication in macaques. A defective provirus DNA vaccine system that efficiently induces virus-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses has previously been developed. The vaccinated macaques showed reduced viral loads, but failed to contain SIVmac239 replication. In this study, macaques that showed partial control of SIV replication were followed up to see if or how they lost this control in the chronic phase. Two of them showed increased viral loads about 4 or 8 months after challenge and finally developed AIDS. Analysis of SIV-specific T-cell levels by detection of SIV-specific gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production revealed that these two macaques maintained SIV-specific CD8(+) T cells, even after loss of control, but lost SIV-specific CD4(+) T cells when plasma viral loads increased. The remaining macaque kept viral loads at low levels and maintained SIV-specific CD4(+) T cells, as well as CD8(+) T cells, for more than 3 years. Additional analysis using macaques va...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 3, 2006·Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research : the Official Journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research·William G GlassAlfred M Del Vecchio
Nov 22, 2008·Vaccine·W HuismanA D M E Osterhaus
Apr 21, 2018·Viruses·Craig MillerSue VandeWoude
Aug 28, 2020·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Hongzhao LiMa Luo

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