Low-cost endoscopic third ventriculostomy simulator with mimetic endoscope

Journal of Neurosurgery. Pediatrics
Richard Justin GarlingCarolyn Anne Harris

Abstract

OBJECTIVE Hydrocephalus affects approximately 1 in 500 people in the US, yet ventricular shunting, the gold standard of treatment, has a nearly 85% failure rate. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is an alternative surgical approach for a specific subset of hydrocephalic patients, but can be limited by the inability of neurosurgical residents to practice prior to patient contact. The goal of this study was to create an affordable ETV model and endoscope for resident training. METHODS Open-source software was used to isolate the skull and brain from the CT and MR images of a 2-year-old boy with hydrocephalus. A 3D printer created the skull and a 3D mold of the brain. A mixture of silicone and silicone tactile mutator was used to cast the brain mold prior to subsequent compression and shearing modulus testing. A mimetic endoscope was then created from basic supplies and a 3D printed frame. A small cohort of neurosurgical residents and attending physicians evaluated the ETV simulator with mimetic endoscope. RESULTS The authors successfully created a mimetic endoscope and ETV simulator. After compression and shearing modulus testing, a silicone/Slacker ratio between 10:6 and 10:7 was found to be similar to that of human brain p...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

May 26, 2021·World Neurosurgery·Daniel Lorias-EspinozaJose Antonio Gutiérrez-Gnecchi
Oct 15, 2021·World Neurosurgery·Jonathan E BlohmTravis M Dumont

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Software Mentioned

Freesurfer
OsiriX
Oasis
dcm2nii ( DICOM to Neuroimaging Informatics Technology Initiat...
MRIcron
gcode
MeshLab
NIFTI
Blender
Cura

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