Low-Density Neutrophils in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Arthritis & Rheumatology
Sen Hee TayAnna-Marie Fairhurst

Abstract

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) display increased numbers of immature neutrophils in the blood but the exact role of these immature neutrophils has been unclear. Neutrophils that sediment within the peripheral blood mononuclear cell fraction after density centrifugation of blood are generally defined as low-density neutrophils (LDNs). Far beyond antimicrobial functions, LDNs are emerging as decision-shapers during innate and adaptive immune responses. Traditionally, neutrophils were viewed as a homogenous population. However, the various LDN populations identified in SLE to date are heterogeneously composed of mixed populations of activated mature neutrophils and immature neutrophils at various stages of differentiation. Controversy also surrounds the role of LDNs in SLE as to whether they are pro-inflammatory, or if they are polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells. It is clear that LDNs in SLE can secrete increased levels of type I interferon (IFN) and that they contribute to the cycle of inflammation and tissue damage. They readily form neutrophil extracellular traps, exposing modified autoantigens and oxidized mitochondrial DNA, which contribute to autoantibody production and type I IFN signaling,...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 29, 2021·Journal of Inflammation Research·Marfa BlanterSofie Struyf
Jul 20, 2021·Seminars in Cancer Biology·Leonardo CristinzianoMaria Rosaria Galdiero
Aug 4, 2021·Clinical and Experimental Medicine·Gilda VarricchiMaria Rosaria Galdiero
Jan 19, 2022·Journal of Leukocyte Biology·Yuning ZhangImmanuel Kwok

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