Low-Dose Cadmium Upregulates VEGF Expression in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Fuhong LiuJu Liu

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal and environmental toxin. Exposure to Cd has been associated with a variety of human cancers. In this study, we performed in vitro assays to examine the effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl₂) on A549 cells, a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line. Cd does not affect proliferation, migration, or apoptosis of A549 cells at concentrations of 0.1-10 μM. At 0.5 and 1 μM, Cd increases the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, respectively), but not basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) in A549 cells. The conditioned media were collected from the A549 cells treated with 1 μM Cd and were co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Upon treatment with the conditioned media, the proliferation and migration of HUVECs significantly increased (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively), while apoptosis remained unchanged. In addition, 1 μM Cd increases the level of hypoxia inducible factor 1-α (HIF1-α), which is a positive regulator of VEGF expression. Although low-dose Cd does not directly affect the growth of lung adenocarcinoma cells, it might facilitate the development of tumors through its pro-angiogenic effects.

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Citations

Apr 8, 2017·Oncotarget·Tianshu WeiJu Liu
Oct 16, 2016·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Xiaocui ChenJu Liu
Jun 18, 2016·International Journal of Molecular Medicine·Hongyan ZhangJu Liu
Feb 3, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Medicine·Xiaocui ChenJu Liu
Aug 25, 2021·Seminars in Cancer Biology·Lin WangBing-Hua Jiang

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
FACS
PCR
ELISA
flow cytometry

Software Mentioned

FACSDiva
ECIS
SPSS
ImageJ

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