Low expression of ULK1 is associated with operable breast cancer progression and is an adverse prognostic marker of survival for patients

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
Jun TangXiao-Feng Zhu

Abstract

ULK1 plays an important role in autophagy which is widely involved in the development of breast cancer. However, the function and expression of ULK1 in human breast cancer is still scarcely explored. In this study, we showed that the mRNA and protein levels of ULK1 decreased in 10 of 14 (71.4 %) breast cancer tissues, compared with matched normal tissues. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining of ULK1 was performed on the tissue microarray containing 298 non-metastatic invasive breast primary cancer tissues and 73 matched adjacent noncancerous tissues. 70.1 % breast cancer specimens displayed none to weak staining of ULK1, however, 78.1 % adjacent noncancerous specimens showed moderate to strong staining of ULK1. Statistical analysis revealed that ULK1 expression was negatively correlated with tumor size (r = -0.176, P = 0.002), lymph node status (r = -0.115, P = 0.048), and pathological stage (r = -0.177, P = 0.002). The log-rank test showed that patients with lower level of ULK1 had a significant shorter distant metastasis-free survival time (P = 0.008) and cancer-related survival time (P = 0.008). Multivariate Cox regression analysis found that ULK1 expression was recognized as an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.034)...Continue Reading

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