Low-Light Anoxygenic Photosynthesis and Fe-S-Biogeochemistry in a Microbial Mat

Frontiers in Microbiology
Sebastian HaasJ L Macalady

Abstract

We report extremely low-light-adapted anoxygenic photosynthesis in a thick microbial mat in Magical Blue Hole, Abaco Island, The Bahamas. Sulfur cycling was reduced by iron oxides and organic carbon limitation. The mat grows below the halocline/oxycline at 30 m depth on the walls of the flooded sinkhole. In situ irradiance at the mat surface on a sunny December day was between 0.021 and 0.084 μmol photons m-2 s-1, and UV light (<400 nm) was the most abundant part of the spectrum followed by green wavelengths (475-530 nm). We measured a light-dependent carbon uptake rate of 14.5 nmol C cm-2 d-1. A 16S rRNA clone library of the green surface mat layer was dominated (74%) by a cluster (>97% sequence identity) of clones affiliated with Prosthecochloris, a genus within the green sulfur bacteria (GSB), which are obligate anoxygenic phototrophs. Typical photopigments of brown-colored GSB, bacteriochlorophyll e and (β-)isorenieratene, were abundant in mat samples and their absorption properties are well-adapted to harvest light in the available green and possibly even UV-A spectra. Sulfide from the water column (3-6 μmol L-1) was the main source of sulfide to the mat as sulfate reduction rates in the mats were very low (undetectable-99...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 17, 2019·Scientific Reports·Peter J van HengstumThomas M Iliffe
Jan 30, 2021·FEMS Microbiology Ecology·Francesco Di NezioNicola Storelli
Feb 5, 2021·FEMS Microbiology Reviews·Clara Ruiz-GonzálezJordi Garcia-Orellana

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

mothur
Silva
RAxML
ARB
iTOL
BLAST
BlastN
JModelTest

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