Low-Protein Diets with Fixed Carbohydrate Content Promote Hyperphagia and Sympathetically Mediated Increase in Energy Expenditure

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
Rizaldy C ZapataPrasanth K Chelikani

Abstract

Dietary protein restriction elicits hyperphagia and increases energy expenditure; however, less is known of whether these responses are a consequence of increasing carbohydrate content. The effects of protein-diluted diets with fixed carbohydrate content on energy balance, hormones, and key markers of protein sensing and thermogenesis in tissues are determined. Obesity-prone rats (n = 13-16 per group) are randomized to diets containing fixed carbohydrate (52% calories) and varying protein concentrations: 15% (control), 10% (mild protein restriction), 5% (moderate protein restriction) or 1% (severe protein restriction) protein calories, or protein-matched to 5% protein, for 21 days. Propranolol and ondansetron are administered to interrogate the roles of sympathetic and serotonergic systems, respectively, in diet-induced changes in energy expenditure. It is found that mild-to-moderate protein restriction promotes transient hyperphagia, whereas severe protein restriction induces hypophagia, with alterations in meal patterns. Protein restriction enhances energy expenditure that is partly attenuated by propranolol, but not ondansetron. Moderate to severe protein restriction decreases gains in body weight, lean and fat mass, decreas...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 13, 2020·Endocrinology·Cristal M HillChristopher D Morrison
Aug 23, 2020·Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders·Mathilde SimonsonChristelle Guillet
Jun 1, 2021·Frontiers in Nutrition·Adel Pezeshki, Prasanth K Chelikani

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