PMID: 490741Sep 1, 1979Paper

Low-velocity gunshot wounds to the maxillofacial complex

The Journal of Trauma
T D Gant, L I Epstein

Abstract

A review of the past literature of gunshot wounds indicates that the clinical material deals mainly with high-velocity missile injuries from military experience. A series of 66 cases of low-velocity gunshot wounds to the maxillofacial complex at San Francisco General Hospital between 1971 and 1978 indicates a clinical difference between injuries caused by low-velocity as compared to previously reported high-velocity missiles. Damage to vital structures resulting from missile injury to the maxillofacial complex are classified in three anatomic areas: 1) supra-orbital (28 cases of which 20 involved neurological damage); 2) mid-face (24 cases of which 8 involved the orbits and/or globe); 3) lower face (14 cases, of which 3 involved laceration of the carotid and 2 involved airway obstruction necessitating tracheostomy). The management of gunshot wounds to the maxillofacial area is outlined, emphasizing: 1) Debridement and prompt closure of intraoral wounds with antibiotic coverage: 2) Early stabilization of mandible fractures: 3) Indications for tracheostomy; 4) Arteriographic studies. In our series there were only four infections, which were treated easily with incision and drainage and appropriate antibiotic selection.

Citations

Mar 2, 2012·Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery·Suhas GodhiPankaj Kukreja
Jun 1, 1996·Otolaryngology--head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery·S E KountakisC M Stiernberg
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